YURIEV PLANT PRODUCTION INSTITUTE
of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

Garden pea

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  • Tsarevych
    Tsarevych

    A leafless grain cultivar, suitable for direct combining

  • Otaman
    Otaman

    A leafless grain cultivar, suitable for direct combining

  • Oplot
    Oplot

    A leafless grain cultivar, suitable for direct combining

  • Metsenat
    Metsenat

    A leafless grain cultivar, suitable for direct combining

  • Haiduk
    Haiduk

    A leafless grain cultivar, suitable for direct combining

Pea cultivars that have been recently created at the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev - Tsarevich (2008), Hlians (2008), Otaman (2011), Oplot (2011), Methenat (2014), Heizer (2015), Korvet (2016), and Haiduk (2019) - fully meet reguirements of the modern highly intensive production, have yield potentials of up to 6.0 t/ha, are resistant to lodging and shedding, suitable for direct combining, more adapted, compared to foreign cultivars, to regional climatic conditions and occupy larger and larger areas in Ukraine. The cultivation of these cultivars allows more efficient using material and technical resources, and, due to single-phase harvesting, reducing losses and improving the quality of commercial and seed products.

Cultivar Hlians is characterized by high environmental plasticity. Cultivars Otaman and Metsenat have a lower 1000-seed weight, which allows farmers to reduce the cost of seeds for sowing by 10-15%. Cultivar Heizer is distinguished by a greater vegetative mass and can be purely used for green mass or in combined crops with other plants. Seeds of Tsarevych and Hlians are noticeable for high marketability and palatability. The 6-8-day difference in the growing periods between cultivars Tsarevych and Oplot makes it posible to offset possible weather problems and extend the optimal harvest time.

Fulfillment of the new pea cultivars’ capacities is only real if elementary conditions of the crop cultivation technology are adhered to. Deviations from the cultivation technology at one stage of ontogenesis cannot be compensated at the following stages to prevent a decrease in the plant performance. Soil preparation is a particularly important element of the conventional cultivation technology. Experiments show that it is useless to increase the seeding rate over 1.2 million seeds/ha. To accelerate reproduction of scarce pea cultivars, the seeding rates should be 0.7 - 0.8 million germinable seeds per 1 ha. Pea crops are annually damaged to various degrees by aphids and pea weevil. Under conditions favorable for the development of these pests, each of them can reduce the pea yield by 50% or more. Pea weevil begins to inhabit and damage peas from the anthesis onset to the end of pod formation. Therefore, pea crops should be treated with insecticides when the first flowers appear, and then the treatment should be repeated in 7 - 8 days. Spraying against pea weevil is usually efficient against aphids. Immediately after threshing and cleaning, pea seeds are checked for pea weevil-induced damage. If the number of live larvae exceeds 10 insects/kg, the seeds must be fumigated with appropriate agents at recommended doses under an airtight film.